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ʿUmar ibn al-Khattāb (c. 584–644 CE) was the second Rightly-Guided Caliph of Islam (634–644 CE), succeeding Abū Bakr. A close companion of the Prophet Muhammad, he is remembered for his decisive role in the early Islamic conquests and for major administrative reforms: establishment of the dīwān (state register), the first systematic tax system, and the creation of the Hijri calendar.
Birthin 584 in Mecca
Deathin 644 in Medina